China
Quick notes before you compare the numbers.
Identity
Formal name: People's Republic of China.
CIA 2026
Curated stat
China's population began shrinking in 2022, its first annual decline in about six decades.
Matchup file
China vs Mongolia
121 shared metrics.
Turn the comparison into a round
Think you can spot the next winner?
China leads by 17 metrics. Use the same instinct in a quick real-data brawl.
Country briefing
What matters for both sides
Short real-world notes so the comparison reads like more than a stat strip.
Mongolia
Quick notes before you compare the numbers.
Identity
Name origin: name comes from the Mongol people, whose name derives from the Mongol root word mengu or mongu, meaning "brave" or "unconquered.
CIA 2026
Curated stat
Mongolia is one of the least densely populated countries, with only about two people per km².
Analysis
China leads in 69 of 121 shared metrics, while Mongolia leads in 52.
China's Domestic Patents is 13087.5x that of Mongolia (1.43M vs 109).
China's Scientific Publications is 3429.4x that of Mongolia (898.9K vs 262.05).
China's Foreign Patents is 2064.2x that of Mongolia (159.0K vs 77).
China's Electric Generating Capacity is 1952.0x that of Mongolia (2.95B kW vs 1.51M kW).
China's Water Withdrawal is 1228.4x that of Mongolia (568.48 B m³ vs 0.46 B m³).
Key Comparisons
Domestic PatentsChina leads
China
1.43M
Mongolia
109
Scientific PublicationsChina leads
China
898.9K
Mongolia
262.05
Foreign PatentsChina leads
China
159.0K
Mongolia
77
Electric Generating CapacityChina leads
China
2.95B kW
Mongolia
1.51M kW
Water WithdrawalChina leads
China
568.48 B m³
Mongolia
0.46 B m³
Electricity GenerationChina leads
China
10.1K TWh
Mongolia
8.4 TWh
All Metrics
Domestic Patents
ChinaChina
1.43M
Mongolia
109
1308748% higher
Scientific Publications
ChinaChina
898.9K
Mongolia
262.05
342945% higher
Foreign Patents
ChinaChina
159.0K
Mongolia
77
206418% higher
Electric Generating Capacity
ChinaChina
2.95B kW
Mongolia
1.51M kW
195198% higher
Water Withdrawal
ChinaChina
568.48 B m³
Mongolia
0.46 B m³
122841% higher
Electricity Generation
ChinaChina
10.1K TWh
Mongolia
8.4 TWh
120098% higher
Irrigated Land
ChinaChina
690.1K km²
Mongolia
796 km²
86592% higher
Air Passengers
ChinaChina
619.22M
Mongolia
773.7K
79933% higher
GDP (Nominal)
ChinaChina
$18,743,803,170,827.2
Mongolia
$23,794,540,024.51
78674% higher
Total CO2 Emissions
ChinaChina
13.1K Mt CO2e
Mongolia
27.66 Mt CO2e
47354% higher
Tourist Arrivals
ChinaChina
30.40M
Mongolia
66.9K
45344% higher
Population
ChinaChina
1.41B
Mongolia
3.28M
42780% higher
Armed Forces Personnel
ChinaChina
2.54M
Mongolia
18.0K
13983% higher
Railway Length
ChinaChina
150.0K km
Mongolia
1.8K km
8164% higher
Seafood Consumption per Person
ChinaChina
40.33 kg/person/yr
Mongolia
0.57 kg/person/yr
6975% higher
Population Density
ChinaChina
150.26 /km²
Mongolia
2.2 /km²
6627% higher
Railway Network
ChinaChina
109.8K km
Mongolia
1.8K km
5928% higher
R&D Spending (% GDP)
ChinaChina
2.6% of GDP
Mongolia
0.08% of GDP
2953% higher
Merchant Fleet Size
ChinaChina
8.3K
Mongolia
318
2514% higher
Forest Area
ChinaChina
2.26M km²
Mongolia
141.7K km²
1492% higher
Airports
ChinaChina
571
Mongolia
37
1443% higher
Water Stress (%)
ChinaChina
20.21%
Mongolia
1.3%
1421% higher
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
ChinaChina
60 sites
Mongolia
6.0 sites
900% higher
Credit Card Ownership
ChinaChina
46.03% of adults
Mongolia
5.5% of adults
732% higher
Border Neighbors
ChinaChina
16
Mongolia
2.0
700% higher
Land Area
ChinaChina
9.39M km²
Mongolia
1.56M km²
502% higher
Solar Electricity Share
ChinaChina
11.1%
Mongolia
2.2%
412% higher
Renewable Energy (%)
ChinaChina
15.2%
Mongolia
3.0%
407% higher
Researchers
ChinaChina
1.8K per 1M
Mongolia
535.37 per 1M
245% higher
Broadband Access (%)
ChinaChina
45 per 100 people
Mongolia
15 per 100 people
200% higher
Elderly Population (%)
ChinaChina
14.67%
Mongolia
5.1%
185% higher
Land Border Length
ChinaChina
22.5K km
Mongolia
8.1K km
178% higher
Forest Coverage (%)
ChinaChina
24.03%
Mongolia
9.1%
164% higher
Electricity Use (Per Capita)
ChinaChina
6.5K kWh/person
Mongolia
2.5K kWh/person
156% higher
GNI Per Capita
ChinaChina
$13,660
Mongolia
$5,380
154% higher
Food Waste per Person
ChinaChina
141.64 kg/person/yr
Mongolia
59.77 kg/person/yr
137% higher
ATMs per 100,000 Adults
ChinaChina
72.03 per 100k
Mongolia
30.79 per 100k
134% higher
Military Spending
ChinaChina
1.7% of GDP
Mongolia
0.74% of GDP
131% higher
Highest Elevation
ChinaChina
8.8K m
Mongolia
4.4K m
102% higher
Firms Asked for Bribes
MongoliaChina
0.14% of firms
Mongolia
16.09% of firms
99% lower
FDI Inflows (% GDP)
MongoliaChina
0.10% of GDP
Mongolia
11.69% of GDP
99% lower
Inflation Rate
MongoliaChina
0.20%
Mongolia
6.8%
97% lower
Capital Elevation
MongoliaChina
43 m
Mongolia
1.4K m
97% lower
Firms Making Informal Payments
MongoliaChina
0.29% of firms
Mongolia
10.21% of firms
97% lower
Freedom of Expression Index
MongoliaChina
0.04
Mongolia
0.77
94% lower
Wind Electricity Share
ChinaChina
10.73%
Mongolia
5.6%
93% higher
Homicide Rate
MongoliaChina
0.50 per 100k
Mongolia
5.9 per 100k
92% lower
Liberal Democracy Index
MongoliaChina
0.04
Mongolia
0.42
91% lower
Electoral Democracy Index
MongoliaChina
0.07
Mongolia
0.54
87% lower
Firms Hit by Power Outages
MongoliaChina
3.7% of firms
Mongolia
27.18% of firms
87% lower
EV Chargers per 100,000 People
ChinaChina
0.22 per 100k people
Mongolia
0.12 per 100k people
80% higher
Milk Consumption per Person
MongoliaChina
32.66 kg/person/yr
Mongolia
139.82 kg/person/yr
77% lower
Imports (% GDP)
MongoliaChina
17.18% of GDP
Mongolia
69.73% of GDP
75% lower
Teen Birth Rate
MongoliaChina
5.2 per 1k
Mongolia
19.74 per 1k
74% lower
Exports (% GDP)
MongoliaChina
20.02% of GDP
Mongolia
68.72% of GDP
71% lower
Minimum Paid Vacation Days
MongoliaChina
5.0 days/yr
Mongolia
15 days/yr
67% lower
Obesity Rate
MongoliaChina
8.2%
Mongolia
23.99%
66% lower
Infant Mortality
MongoliaChina
4.5 per 1k births
Mongolia
11.4 per 1k births
61% lower
Birth Rate
MongoliaChina
7.3 per 1k
Mongolia
18.01 per 1k
60% lower
Tax Revenue (% GDP)
MongoliaChina
7.6% of GDP
Mongolia
16.85% of GDP
55% lower
Child Mortality
MongoliaChina
6.2 per 1k births
Mongolia
13.6 per 1k births
54% lower
Fertility Rate
MongoliaChina
1.2 children/woman
Mongolia
2.6 children/woman
54% lower
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)
MongoliaChina
5.0 per 1k
Mongolia
10.6 per 1k
53% lower
Suicide Rate
MongoliaChina
8.9 per 100k
Mongolia
18.5 per 100k
52% lower
Energy Use (Per Capita)
ChinaChina
2.9K kg oil eq/person
Mongolia
1.9K kg oil eq/person
51% higher
Health Spending Per Capita
ChinaChina
$672.45
Mongolia
$448.24
50% higher
Youth Population (%)
MongoliaChina
16.01%
Mongolia
32.19%
50% lower
Death Rate
ChinaChina
8.0 per 1k
Mongolia
5.3 per 1k
49% higher
Beer Consumption
MongoliaChina
1.1 L/person/yr
Mongolia
2.2 L/person/yr
48% lower
Median Age
ChinaChina
39.1 years
Mongolia
26.8 years
46% higher
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
ChinaChina
$27,104.87
Mongolia
$19,144.73
42% higher
Hypertension Prevalence
MongoliaChina
27.3% of adults
Mongolia
45.2% of adults
40% lower
Alcohol Consumption
MongoliaChina
4.6 L/adult/yr
Mongolia
7.7 L/adult/yr
40% lower
Road Traffic Death Rate
ChinaChina
17.4 per 100k
Mongolia
12.4 per 100k
40% higher
Corruption Perceptions Index
ChinaChina
43 pts
Mongolia
31 pts
39% higher
Health Spending (% GDP)
MongoliaChina
5.4% of GDP
Mongolia
8.9% of GDP
39% lower
Coal Electricity Share
MongoliaChina
54.35%
Mongolia
85.76%
37% lower
Electricity Carbon Intensity
MongoliaChina
525.34 gCO2/kWh
Mongolia
816.31 gCO2/kWh
36% lower
Youth Unemployment Rate
ChinaChina
15.79% of youth labor force
Mongolia
11.71% of youth labor force
35% higher
CO2 Per Capita
MongoliaChina
8.7 t/person/yr
Mongolia
12.86 t/person/yr
33% lower
Meat Consumption per Person
MongoliaChina
60.6 kg/person/yr
Mongolia
88.38 kg/person/yr
31% lower
Sanitation Access (%)
ChinaChina
97.27%
Mongolia
74.28%
31% higher
Spirits Consumption
MongoliaChina
2.5 L/person/yr
Mongolia
3.4 L/person/yr
28% lower
Women's Political Empowerment
MongoliaChina
0.59
Mongolia
0.81
27% lower
Firms with Female Top Manager
MongoliaChina
19.6% of firms
Mongolia
26.96% of firms
27% lower
Dependency Ratio
MongoliaChina
44.24% of working-age pop.
Mongolia
59.57% of working-age pop.
26% lower
Doctors (per 1,000)
MongoliaChina
3.1 per 1k
Mongolia
4.1 per 1k
25% lower
Tobacco Use Prevalence
MongoliaChina
22.7% of adults
Mongolia
29.5% of adults
23% lower
Vehicles per 1,000 People
MongoliaChina
212.35 per 1k people
Mongolia
272.44 per 1k people
22% lower
Smoking Rate
MongoliaChina
23.4%
Mongolia
29.5%
21% lower
Protected Land (%)
MongoliaChina
15.6%
Mongolia
19.8%
21% lower
Political Corruption Index
MongoliaChina
0.55
Mongolia
0.69
20% lower
Agricultural Land (%)
MongoliaChina
55.43%
Mongolia
68.96%
20% lower
Air Pollution (PM2.5)
ChinaChina
34.81 µg/m³
Mongolia
29.65 µg/m³
17% higher
High-Tech Exports (%)
ChinaChina
26.28%
Mongolia
22.54%
17% higher
Unemployment Rate
MongoliaChina
4.6%
Mongolia
5.4%
16% lower
Inequality (Gini)
ChinaChina
36
Mongolia
31.4
15% higher
University Enrollment Rate
ChinaChina
76.88%
Mongolia
69.04%
11% higher
Internet Users (%)
ChinaChina
92%
Mongolia
83%
11% higher
Education Spending (% GDP)
ChinaChina
4.0% of GDP
Mongolia
3.7% of GDP
9% higher
Life Expectancy
ChinaChina
78.0 years
Mongolia
72.1 years
8% higher
Government Debt (% GDP)
ChinaChina
47% of GDP
Mongolia
43.34% of GDP
8% higher
Human Development Index
ChinaChina
0.80
Mongolia
0.75
7% higher
Urban Population (%)
MongoliaChina
65.89%
Mongolia
70.96%
7% lower
Digital Payments Used
MongoliaChina
88.72% of adults
Mongolia
94.91% of adults
7% lower
Mobile Subscriptions (%)
MongoliaChina
132 per 100 people
Mongolia
141.09 per 100 people
6% lower
Insufficient Physical Activity
ChinaChina
23.84% of adults
Mongolia
22.57% of adults
6% higher
Women in Parliament (%)
ChinaChina
26.54%
Mongolia
25.4%
4% higher
Can Raise Emergency Money
MongoliaChina
95.1% of adults
Mongolia
98.87% of adults
4% lower
GDP Growth Rate
MongoliaChina
5.0%
Mongolia
5.1%
3% lower
Adult Literacy Rate
MongoliaChina
96.74%
Mongolia
98.64%
2% lower
Life Evaluation Score
ChinaChina
6.1 pts
Mongolia
5.9 pts
2% higher
Average Weekly Work Hours
MongoliaChina
46.1 hrs/week
Mongolia
46.72 hrs/week
1% lower
Time Zones Count
ChinaChina
4.0 time zones
Mongolia
4.0 time zones
equal
Coastline Length
ChinaChina
14.5K km
Mongolia
0 km
ranked higher
Electricity Access (%)
ChinaChina
100%
Mongolia
100%
equal
Nobel Laureates Born per Million People
ChinaChina
0.01 per 1M people
Mongolia
0 per 1M people
ranked higher
Lowest Elevation
MongoliaChina
-154 m
Mongolia
560 m
ranked lower
Official Languages Count
ChinaChina
1.0
Mongolia
1.0
equal
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)
ChinaChina
3.7% of GDP
Mongolia
-8.6% of GDP
ranked higher
McDonald's Outlets per Million People
ChinaChina
1.6 per 1M people
Mongolia
0 per 1M people
ranked higher
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